Bromeliaceare comparative reproductive biology

I described the breeding system in Vriesea rafaelii) Leme and Billbergia brasiliensis L.B.Sm. (Bromeliaceae) through greenhouse-based pollination manipulation experiments. flowers on both species were found to be able to self-pollinate themselves and thus are self-compatible, but when B. brasiliensis flowers are self-pollinated, they produce lighter fruits and seeds compared to when it is cross-pollinated, indicating a negative effect known as inbreeding depression. in Vriesea rafaelii, I observed a separation between the male and female reproductive structures which is referred to as herkogamy